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Oil -
Measures engine oil pressure in pounds per square inch. Oil pressure is just as important to an engine as blood pressure is to a person. If you run an engine with no oil pressure even for less then a minute, you can easily destroy it. Most cars have an oil lamp that lights when oil pressure is dangerously low. If it comes on while you're driving, stop the vehicle as soon as is safely possible and shut off the engine. Then, check the oil level and add oil as necessary.
Heat -
This gauge measures the temperature of the engine coolant in degrees. It is very important to monitor the temperature gauge to be sure that your engine is not overheating. Note: If the temperature gauge moves all the way to hot, the engine is overheating! Safely pull off the road and turn the engine off and let it cool. An overheating engine can quickly cause serious engine damage!
Fuel -
No explanation necessary
Note: Gauge Restoration Resources
John Wolf & Company
Redline Gauge Works